Recognising and Treating a Stroke
A stroke is a medical emergency, an urgent scan is required in the hospital so that the correct treatment can be given asap. A delay in dialling 999 for a suspected stroke can have a dramatic impact on the casualty’s recovery. A stroke can happen to anyone at any age.
There are two types of stroke. The first is caused by a blood clot in the brain, this stops the blood supply to part of the brain. The second is caused by a ruptured blood vessel in the brain which squashes part of the brain. The symptoms for each type of stroke are very similar and can cause an area of the brain to die.
Signs and Symptoms
The FAST acronym (Face, Arms, Speech, Time) is a test to quickly identify if someone is having a stroke.
Face weakness: Can the person smile? Has their mouth or eye drooped?
Arm weakness: Can the person raise both arms?
Speech problems: Can the person speak clearly and understand what you say?
Time to call 999: if you see any of these signs.
Acting FAST will give the person having a stroke the best chance of survival and recovery. Always call 999 straight away.
Ambulance paramedics are trained in stroke and will ensure the person receives emergency medical care and specialist treatment.
Other symptoms of a stroke
The FAST test helps spot the three most common symptoms of stroke. But there are other signs that you should always take seriously. These include:
- Sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the body, including legs, hands or feet.
- Difficulty finding words or speaking in clear sentences.
- Sudden blurred vision or loss of sight in one or both eyes.
- Sudden memory loss or confusion, and dizziness or a sudden fall.
- A sudden, severe headache.
If you spot any of these signs of a stroke, don't wait. Call 999 straight away.
How long do symptoms last?
Symptoms vary between different people but often come on suddenly.
If the symptoms only last a short amount of time, it could be a transient ischaemic attack (TIA), also known as a mini-stroke. It is still vital to call 999 and get urgent medical attention. A TIA is a medical emergency and a warning that you are at risk of having a stroke
For more information book on one of our first aid courses or visit the Stroke Association.
